methodology & sources
This simulation is based on established bicycle tire engineering principles, specifically focused on finding
the "Sweet Spot" between rolling resistance and comfort.
- 1. 15% Tire Drop Rule: Citing the work of Frank Berto and Jan Heine (Bicycle Quarterly), a 15%
vertical deformation is considered ideal for balancing speed and vibration damping on real-world
surfaces.
- 2. Impedance Branch: The "Ideal Pressure" is the point just before the "Impedance Branch" where
high frequency vibrations cause significant energy loss (Zipp / Silca Research).
- 3. Rolling Resistance (Crr): Calculated using a simplified model where lower pressure increases hysteretic
loss, while higher pressure increases impedance loss on uneven textures.